Somatropin

Latin name of the substance Somatropin
Chemical name Single-chain polypeptide consisting of 191 amino acid residues (human growth hormone)
Pharmacotherapeutic group substances Somatropin
Hormones of the hypothalamus, pituitary gonadotropins and their antagonists
The nosological classification (ICD-10)
D84.9 Immunodeficiency, unspecified
E34.3 Stunting [dwarfism], not elsewhere classified
Q96 Turner syndrome
R62 Lack of expected normal physiological development
Characteristics of substance Somatropin
Sterile white or almost white lyophilised powder.

Pharmacology
Pharmacological action - somatotropic, anabolic, stimulating growth.
Stimulates the growth of human bones, affecting the epiphyseal plates of long bones, causes an increase in the number and size of muscle cells, liver, thymus, gonads, adrenals and thyroid. Activates the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate and collagen, increases the excretion of hydroxyproline, increases weight.

Regulates protein metabolism promotes transport of amino acids into the cell and protein synthesis. Lowers cholesterol, increases the number of triglycerides, reduces the amount of adipose tissue, inhibits the release of insulin causes hyperglycemia. Prevents the removal of liquid nitrogen, sodium, potassium and phosphorus. The loss of calcium (renal release acceleration) is compensated by increased absorption in the gastrointestinal tract it.

Application of the substance Somatropin
Violation of the growth process in children with deficiency of endogenous growth hormone, chronic renal failure in children, accompanied by growth retardation, Shereshevsky syndrome - Turner, osteoporosis, symptoms of immune deficiency, with loss of body weight.

Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, cancer, closure of epiphyses, pregnancy, breast-feeding.

Somatropin is a drug, pituitary human growth hormone. Human growth hormone - somatropin - a powerful metabolic hormone that affects lipid metabolism, carbohydrate and protein; has anabolic and growth-promoting effect.
Somatropin is a polypeptide contains 191 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of about 22.125 kDa.
DNA recombinant somatropin for injection is a polypeptide hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology (e.g., synthesized strain Escherichia coli, which was modified by the addition of human growth hormone gene). The amino acid sequence of recombinant growth hormone is identical to that of human growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland.
The effects of growth hormone induced directly by itself or indirectly through the synthesis and release of IGF-1 (IGF-1 / insulin-like growth factor / somatomedin-C). Somatropin treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency increases the concentration of their IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein-3 IRFSB.
Somatropin stimulates linear growth in children who lack a sufficient number of normal endogenous growth hormone in children with short stature and gonadal dysgenesis associated with Turner syndrome or chronic renal insufficiency.
As in adults, and children somatropin maintains a normal body structure, stimulating muscle growth and metabolism, helping to lose fat. In adult patients with growth hormone deficiency growth hormone reduces fat mass, increases muscle mass and strength, energy, and subjective well-being.
It is shown that growth hormone and / or human growth hormone of pituitary origin has the following effects:
- Displays anabolic effect (stimulates the transport of amino acids into the cell and stimulates the synthesis of protein) and prevents catabolism;
- Stimulates growth of skeletal bones;
- Causes an increase in the number and size of muscle cells;
- Increases the mass of the body;
-Causes a delay in the body of nitrogen, mineral salts (calcium, phosphorus, sodium) and fluid;
- Promotes calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract;
- Stimulates lipolysis, reduce fat accumulation, reduces intake of triglycerides in fat depots (particularly sensitive to growth hormone visceral adipose tissue);
- Causes an increase in the concentration of fatty acids in plasma;
- Raises blood sugar levels (initially reduces sensitivity to insulin, which can later be restored or even improved due to favorable effects of growth hormone on cytoarchitectonic of the body).
Effect of growth hormone on skeletal growth. Somatropin stimulates skeletal growth in patients with growth hormone deficiency. A marked increase in body length after administration of growth hormone due to their influence on the growth plates of long bones. The concentration of IGF-1, which may play a role in the growth of the skeleton in the serum of children with growth hormone deficiency is low, but treatment with somatropin, it increases. In patients with growth hormone deficiency and osteoporosis, long-term treatment with somatropin results in restoration of the mineral composition and bone density. Somatropin chondroitin sulfate activates the synthesis of collagen and increases the excretion of hydroxyproline. There is also an increase in average serum concentrations of phosphatase.